CT Enterography is a specialized scan that uses X-rays and computer imaging to look at the entire thickness of the small bowel wall, as well as the surrounding abdominal organs.
Doctors request this scan to pinpoint inflammation, find hidden bleeding, and locate bowel blockages.
Unlike a standard abdominal CT, this test requires you to drink a large amount of a specific oral fluid to physically stretch the intestines open, revealing hidden diseases.
Common Indications for CT Enterography
Your doctor may request a CT Enterography for:
- Diagnosing or tracking inflammatory bowel diseases, especially Crohn's disease.
- Investigating unexplained internal bleeding.
- Locating a small bowel obstruction (blockage).
- Finding small bowel tumors.
- Locating abscesses (pockets of infection).
What does the CT scanner look like?
It looks like a large, illuminated donut. You will lie on a motorized table that smoothly glides you into the opening of the machine.
What happens during a CT Enterography scan?
- The most important part happens before you get near the machine. You will drink roughly 2 liters of a specialized liquid over 60 to 90 minutes.
- Once you finish drinking, you will lie flat on the scanner table.
- An IV will be placed in your arm to inject contrast dye.
- You will hold your breath for up to 15 seconds while the machine slides you through the ring to take the pictures.
Do I need to prepare for a CT Enterography scan?
- Yes. You will be asked to fast (no food or thick drinks) for about 4 hours before your appointment to ensure your bowels are clear.
- You must arrive over an hour early to give yourself enough time to drink the oral contrast solution.
Can I eat or drink before my CT Enterography scan?
Do not eat solid food for 4 hours prior. You are encouraged to drink clear liquids like water leading up to the test.
How long does a CT Enterography scan take?
The time inside the scanner is very short (about 10 minutes), but you should plan to be at the clinic for up to 2 hours because of the time required to drink the oral prep.
Are there different types of CT Enterography scans?
No, the procedure is standard, though the type of oral liquid you drink might vary slightly depending on the clinic (often water mixed with a sweetener like sorbitol to draw fluid into the bowel).
Why might contrast be needed?
This test uses two types of contrast:
- Oral Contrast: The large volume of liquid you drink inflates the small bowel so the walls aren't collapsed against each other.
- IV Contrast: The dye injected into your arm highlights the blood supply to the intestine, making inflamed or diseased areas shine brightly on the scan.
Is a CT Enterography safe?
Yes. However, because Crohn's disease often affects young people who may need many scans over their lifetime, doctors try to limit radiation exposure when possible. In some cases, they might suggest an MR Enterography instead.
Pregnancy Precaution
Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant. CT scans are typically avoided during pregnancy unless it is a life-threatening emergency.
What are the risks of contrast dye?
The IV dye can cause a brief warm flush or a metallic taste. The oral liquid contains sorbitol, which frequently causes mild abdominal cramps and has a laxative effect.
Will the scan hurt?
The scan is painless. The hardest part is simply drinking the large volume of liquid, which can make you feel bloated.
What happens after the scan?
You can go home, but plan to be near a restroom. The oral contrast is known to cause a short-lived bout of diarrhea as it works its way out of your system.
Conclusion
A CT Enterography requires a bit of patience and a lot of drinking, but it provides an unmatched, comprehensive view of the small intestine, guiding doctors to the exact source of your abdominal issues.